Identify and Address Corneal Dystrophies

Identifying and addressing corneal dystrophies involves comprehensive eye examinations, diagnostic tests, and appropriate treatment strategies. Corneal dystrophies are genetic conditions that affect the clarity and structure of the cornea, and early detection and management are crucial to preserve vision and alleviate symptoms. At Peninsula Ophthalmology Group, our team works with patients to treat this condition. We're conveniently located in Daly City, San Francisco, and Burlingame, CA. 

Major Types of Dystrophies

In eye health, dystrophies refer to inherited genetic disorders that affect specific tissues within the eye. These conditions often lead to gradual vision loss and may impact the function of the affected tissues. The dystrophies are grouped based on the affected layer of the cornea. There are three main categories.

Anterior Corneal Dystrophies

Anterior corneal dystrophies are a group of genetic eye disorders that primarily affect the outermost layers of the cornea, which is the transparent front surface of the eye. These dystrophies cause changes in the corneal tissue, leading to various visual disturbances and discomfort.

Epithelial basement dystrophy is the most common in this group. Sometimes it is called map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy because the eye doctor will see dots during an exam.

Stromal Corneal Dystrophies

Stromal corneal dystrophies are a group of genetic eye disorders that primarily affect the middle layer of the cornea, known as the stroma. The stroma provides the cornea with its structural integrity and transparency. These dystrophies are characterized by the accumulation of abnormal substances within the stroma, leading to changes in corneal clarity and visual disturbances.

Posterior Corneal Dystrophies

Posterior corneal dystrophies are a group of rare genetic eye disorders that primarily affect the innermost layer of the cornea, known as the endothelium. The endothelium maintains the cornea's clarity by regulating the amount of fluid within the cornea.

Diagnosing Dystrophies

Our eye doctor will diagnose the dystrophy using a light lamp during an eye exam. This lamp allows them to examine the eyes for any deposits. If there is a family history, let the doctor know. The common symptoms to look out for include the following:

• Blurry vision
• Watery eyes
• Light sensitivity
• Feeling like something is in the eye
• Dry eyes
• Pain
• Corneal erosions

Treating Dystrophies

The treatment of dystrophy varies depending on the specific type of dystrophy, its severity, and the individual's symptoms. While many dystrophies are genetic, various treatment options are available to manage symptoms, slow progression, and improve visual function. Ointments and eye drops may also be prescribed. For more severe situations, a corneal transplant will be required.

Early Identification of Corneal Dystrophies

Peninsula Ophthalmology Group in Daly City, San Francisco, or Burlingame, CA, will work with you if dystrophy is identified. As professionals in ophthalmology, they can provide the best treatment and care. It is important to have routine eye exams, even for small children. Regular exams can protect your vision because several dystrophies don’t have significant symptoms. Call for an appointment at Burlingame (650) 697-3200, Daly City (650) 756-2020, or San Francisco (415) 362-3364.